解决 Linux 无法读取微星 B550M 系列主板传感器数据的问题

大概六月底的时候组了台 All-in-One 小主机，主板是微星的 B550M PRO-VDH，安装 Proxmox VE（基于 Debian）后发现 lm-sensors 能拿到的数据实在是太少了，温度都不全

只能拿到这些：

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12


root@home:~# sensors
nvme-pci-0100
Adapter: PCI adapter
Composite:    +38.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +89.8°C)
                       (crit = +94.8°C)
Sensor 1:     +38.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C)
Sensor 2:     +36.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C)

k10temp-pci-00c3
Adapter: PCI adapter
Tctl:         +41.0°C  
Tccd1:        +40.0°C  

检查 Reddit 发现有人遇到了相似的问题，是因为 Linux 内核没有对微星 B550M 系列主板用的 Nuvoton NCT6687-R 控制器芯片的原生支持，需要自己加载一个第三方的 Kernel Module：Fred78290/nct6687d

又因为启用了 Secure Boot，内核模块需要签名才能够被加载，所以需要配置 MOK (Machine Owner Key) 和 DKMS (Dynamic Kernel Module Support) 的模块自动签名

# 生成并注册 MOK

根据 Debian Wiki 的 Secure Boot 章节，为了保持和 Ubuntu 的一致，MOK 应该被放在 /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/ 目录下，然后通过 openssl 生成 MOK：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7


mkdir -p /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/

cd /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/

openssl req -nodes -new -x509 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout MOK.priv -outform DER -out MOK.der -days 36500 -subj "/CN=Kernel Signing MOK/"

openssl x509 -inform der -in MOK.der -out MOK.pem

创建好 MOK 后，通过 mokutil 注册 MOK：

1

mokutil --import /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

按照要求设置用于注册的一次性密码，记下，然后重启

1

reboot

接下来按照屏幕提示，选择注册 MOK，然后输入之前设置的一次性密码来确认注册

开机后，可以检查一下 MOK 是否注册成功：

1

mokutil --test-key /var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

# DKMS 配置

我的 Proxmox VE 似乎没有预装 DKMS，需要手动安装一下：

1
2


apt-get update
apt-get install dkms

然后编辑 /etc/dkms/framework.conf，找到被注释的 mok_signing_key 和 mok_certificate，取消注释，改成此前 MOK 的位置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7


# Location of the key and certificate files used for Secure boot. $kernelver
# can be used in path to represent the target kernel version.
# mok_signing_key can also be a "pkcs11:..." string for PKCS#11 engine, as
# long as the sign_file program supports it.
# (default: /var/lib/dkms):
mok_signing_key=/var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.priv
mok_certificate=/var/lib/shim-signed/mok/MOK.der

# 编译并安装模块

克隆仓库并编译，下面是编译 deb 包并安装的步骤，Proxmox VE 下面可能会提示缺一些包，比如 build-essential 和 Kernel 头文件，总之缺啥装啥 (o゜▽゜)o☆

别的发行版可以参考 Fred78290/nct6687d 的 README.md

1
2
3
4
5


cd /tmp
git clone https://github.com/Fred78290/nct6687d
cd nct6687d
make deb
dpkg -i ../nct6687d-dkms_*.deb

安装完成后编辑 /etc/modules 文件，加上 nct6687：

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8


root@home:~# cat /etc/modules
# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.
#
# This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded
# at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.
# Parameters can be specified after the module name.

nct6687

然后重启一下，或者使用 modprobe nct6687d 加载模块

# 重新 `sensors-detect`

1

sensors-detect

然后一路 y，就 OK 了。现在再来看看 sensors 的效果：

 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44


root@home:~# sensors
nct6687-isa-0a20
Adapter: ISA adapter
+12V:           12.12 V  (min = +12.12 V, max = +12.14 V)
+5V:             5.08 V  (min =  +5.07 V, max =  +5.08 V)
+3.3V:           3.34 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.34 V)
CPU Soc:       998.00 mV (min =  +1.00 V, max =  +1.00 V)
CPU Vcore:       1.17 V  (min =  +0.24 V, max =  +1.17 V)
CPU 1P8:         1.83 V  (min =  +1.83 V, max =  +1.83 V)
CPU VDDP:        0.00 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +0.00 V)
DRAM:            1.35 V  (min =  +1.35 V, max =  +1.36 V)
Chipset:       784.00 mV (min =  +0.78 V, max =  +0.89 V)
CPU SA:        694.00 mV (min =  +0.69 V, max =  +0.86 V)
Voltage #2:      1.52 V  (min =  +1.52 V, max =  +1.53 V)
AVCC3:           3.38 V  (min =  +3.38 V, max =  +3.38 V)
AVSB:            3.34 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +3.34 V)
VBat:            1.83 V  (min =  +0.00 V, max =  +1.83 V)
CPU Fan:        920 RPM  (min =  758 RPM, max =  920 RPM)
Pump Fan:         0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
System Fan #1: 2238 RPM  (min = 2097 RPM, max = 2238 RPM)
System Fan #2:    0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
System Fan #3:    0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
System Fan #4:    0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
System Fan #5:    0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
System Fan #6:    0 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max =    0 RPM)
CPU:            +45.0°C  (low  = +38.0°C, high = +45.0°C)
System:         +42.5°C  (low  = +35.0°C, high = +42.5°C)
VRM MOS:        +40.5°C  (low  = +33.0°C, high = +40.5°C)
PCH:            +43.5°C  (low  = +34.0°C, high = +43.5°C)
CPU Socket:     +40.0°C  (low  = +33.0°C, high = +40.0°C)
PCIe x1:        +38.0°C  (low  = +32.0°C, high = +38.0°C)
M2_1:            +0.0°C  (low  =  +0.0°C, high =  +0.0°C)

nvme-pci-0100
Adapter: PCI adapter
Composite:    +38.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +89.8°C)
                       (crit = +94.8°C)
Sensor 1:     +38.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C)
Sensor 2:     +36.9°C  (low  = -273.1°C, high = +65261.8°C)

k10temp-pci-00c3
Adapter: PCI adapter
Tctl:         +45.4°C  
Tccd1:        +42.5°C  

锵锵 (≧∇≦)ﾉ

# 支持 Kernel 升级

Proxmox VE 下运行 apt dist-upgrade 升级内核后，发现有以下提示：

1

dkms: autoinstall for kernel 6.8.8-4-pve was skipped since the kernel headers for this kernel do not seem to be installed.

这是因为新内核的头文件没有安装（之前安装的是指定版本的头文件），这里把以前安装的指定版本的的头文件卸载，再安装 proxmox-headers-6.8 元包（始终指向 PVE 内核 6.8 版本的最新版本），这样在每次执行 apt dist-upgrade 的时候头文件就会和内核一起更新

reboot 后再 dkms autoinstall 即可

# 生成并注册 MOK

# DKMS 配置

# 编译并安装模块

# 重新 sensors-detect

# 支持 Kernel 升级

# 重新 `sensors-detect`